Chronic metabolic disease known as diabetes mellitus is characterized by high blood sugar levels over an extended length of time. It results from either insufficient insulin production by the pancreas or inefficient insulin uptake by the body's cells. Blood sugar is regulated by the hormone insulin, which is generated by the pancreas.

There are several types of diabetes mellitus, including:

Type 1 diabetes:

This kind happens when the immune system targets and kills the pancreatic beta cells that produce insulin. Individuals with type 1 diabetes require lifelong insulin shots.

Type 2 diabetes: 

This is the most prevalent kind of diabetes, which mostly affects adults, though it can strike kids as well. Insulin resistance develops in type 2 diabetes, and insufficient insulin production by the pancreas may result in this resistance being met. It is frequently linked to lifestyle factors and obesity.

Gestational diabetes: 

Pregnancy is the cause of this kind of diabetes, which typically goes away after delivery. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes is more likely to strike women who have experienced gestational diabetes in the future.

Increased thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, increased hunger, exhaustion, blurred eyesight, slow-healing wounds, and recurrent infections are typical signs of diabetes mellitus.

Controlling blood sugar levels and averting complications are the goals of treatment for diabetes mellitus. Usually, a mix of medicine and lifestyle modifications, such eating a balanced diet and getting frequent exercise, is used for this. Insulin therapy is necessary for people with type 1 diabetes, whereas oral medicines, insulin, or other injectable medications can be used to treat type 2 diabetes.

It's important for people with diabetes to monitor their blood sugar levels regularly, follow their treatment plan, and make lifestyle changes to manage their condition effectively and reduce the risk of complications.

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